Espionage and Intelligence in US-Russian relations

                              
   Espionage against the enemy as a way to victory was invented a long time ago. However, it gained the greatest popularity during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States. During these time each of the parties wanted to know the plans of his enemy as soon as possible. For this purpose special departments were created. The main function of these institutions was to prepare professional staff (agents) that gathered information about the enemy in a secret way.
   Also, special services to expose the enemy side agents existed. One of them was secret program Venona, which was created in the United States. This project worked in the country from 1940 to 1980. Venona declassified Soviet agents, but did not provide evidence in court, as the project remained secret until the mid-1990s. In general, staff of the Venona was engaged in deciphering of the Soviet encrypted reports. The greatest success was achieved in 1948-1951, when a lot of Soviet spies were uncovered.
   One of the most sensational cases during the Cold War was the case of the Rosenbergs. The spouses Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were exposed in espionage for the Soviet Union and executed. This is the only case of the execution of civilians for espionage during the Cold War. Rosenbergs were accused of transferring US nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union. Unlike other agents, they refused to admit their guilt. This and a number of other reasons led to this tragic outcome. By the way, a powerful international campaign for clemency of the Rosenbergs had carried out, in which were involved such a famous persons as Albert Einstein, Thomas Mann and Pope Pius XII.
   A huge contribution to the espionage affairs was made by female spies. Women are not attracted as much attention as men, are able to transform into different roles, besides, they could easily gain the confidence of high ranking officials by romantic relationships. However, in terms of convictions and bravery ladies in no way inferior to men.
   After the end of the Cold War, many spyware programs were closed and secret agents were returned home. Countries began to build relationships, spy games have become unnecessary.
   Spy Game between Russia and the US resumed today with a smaller force, but with a greater accessibility for informative society. US periodically announces about captured Russian spies in its territory. A new round in the deterioration of relations between Russia and the USA gave impetus for new spy scandals, which would be still set of.